The Bible contains many depictions of God, some benevolent, others less than praiseworthy. One of the Bible’s main images of God lies on the diabolical end of the divinity spectrum: God the Fascist. Although the Bible never calls God a fascist outright, many of its descriptions of him meet all the criteria for fascism. Because the Bible models fascism, Christians who fail to examine their Scriptures critically are susceptible to fascistic manipulation. This article is not intended as an attack on Christianity. It would benefit the reputation and integrity of all who hold the biblical texts as sacred to honestly admit and denounce this archaic representation of God in the Bible and the historical trauma its propagation continues to inspire. Moreover, God in his fascist form is often conflated with benevolent images of God as the Father. Perhaps fascism itself is kind of father wounding, an infantile clinging to dread and idealization of authority and strength when adult freedom is too overwhelming. And the icons of authority we admire, fatherly or fascistic, mirror the state of our souls.

Defining Fascism

Fascism is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary as, “a political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition.” Each of the characteristics of fascism described in this dictionary definition is frequently embodied by God throughout the biblical record. It is important to mention that there are alternate interpretations of many of the passages this article examines. This article emphasizes Evangelical and fundamentalist perspectives. Notwithstanding, many of the Bible passages are explicitly and undeniably fascistic. Rather than disingenuously passing off the blame on fundamentalists, Christians should admit the moral depravity of these passages. The Bible reflects both the better and worse tendencies of human beings.

A Dictatorial Leader

Central to fascism is a dictatorial leader. Dictators are egocentric, narcissistic, and often sociopathic, using their power to benefit themselves instead of their people, whom they manipulate and oppress for their self-serving ends. Dictators push their vision of national strength and glory, which is an extension of their egocentrism. They dehumanize their subjects, whom they treat either as tools to be employed in the service of their image or as infidels who must be eradicated, enslaved, or humiliated. Generally, dictators are capable of only shallow relationships. They can relate to people only as objects instead of subjects because of the distorting self-image lens through which they view everything.

In the Bible, God is often depicted as a dictatorial king who bears all the marks of a narcissistic personality disorder. The self-proclaimed aim of God the Fascist’s reign is his glory and praise–the aggrandizement of his self-image: “That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father” (Philippians 2:10-11, NIV). God the Fascist saves, rescues, and heals his people through his Messiah Jesus, but only for the price of total subservience. Is this salvation, or enslavement through manipulative altruism? The master-slave metaphor of relationship between God and human is not the only way the Bible describes a relationship with God, but it is very prominent. Some Christian groups emphasize this metaphor more than others.

Exalts Nation and Race Above the Individual

In addition to their dictatorial tendencies, fascists “exalt nation and often race above the individual” (Merriam-Webster). In the Old Testament, God the Fascist is nationalistic, imperialistic, and racist, proclaiming the superiority of the Israelite ethnostate over all other nations and ethnic groups: “And who is like your people Israel—the one nation on earth that God went out to redeem as a people for himself” (2 Samuel 7:23, NIV). Individuals who do not subscribe to the fascist’s vision or who do not fit his racial profile are stigmatized or persecuted.

God the Fascist cultivates a sense of manifest destiny in his people. He commands Israelite kings to pillage and conquer foreign nations in Holy War campaigns: “You shall eat the wealth of the nations, and in their glory you shall boast” (Isaiah 61:6, NIV). Israel is considered a holy nation and its land the holy land–Israel is the greatest country on the planet. According to God the Fascist, the destiny of this nation is to spread its superior way of life to the rest of the world. God the Fascist justifies his imperialism by framing it as a blessing for the nations he conquers; ultimately, they will thank him for it! Such twisted logic has been the propaganda of empires for ages.

Additionally, God the Fascist fosters a sense of ethnonational superiority by using racism, religion, and genocide to denigrate and scapegoat a portion of the population. God the Fascist’s followers are commanded not to assimilate the cultural and spiritual practices of foreigners or to intermarry with foreigners; otherwise, they might be swayed to change ideologies and abandon their exclusive devotion to his presidency: “Make no covenant with them… Do not intermarry with them… for that would turn away your children from following me, to serve other gods” (Deuteronomy 7:2-4, NRSV). Though he encourages acceptance of some groups of foreigners, God the Fascist is xenophobic and religiously bigoted towards target groups.

Moreover, similar to how Donald Trump stigmatizes Muslims, God the Fascist encourages the stigmatization of foreigners who practice other religions, especially foreigners from nations who have been in wars with Israel such as Edom, Egypt, Babylon, and Assyria. While many of the gods of other nations in biblical times display tolerance and even reverence for the gods of foreign nations, God the Fascist is incredibly jealous: “You must not bow down to them or worship them, for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God who will not tolerate your affection for any other gods” (Exodus 20:5, NLT). His feeble ego cannot handle the idea that anyone might dare to prefer other leaders over himself.

Ethnic Cleansing

God the Fascist targets and dehumanizes one group of people above all others: the indigenous Canaanites living in his glorious nation. He ethnically slurs them as wicked and unclean and commands his followers to exterminate them. The indigenous are to blame for their extermination, God the Fascist decrees, because they are depraved: “It is because of the wickedness of these nations that the Lord your God is driving them out before you” (Deuteronomy 9:5, NIV, italics mine). They are only getting what they deserve. Moreover, when the followers of God murder the foreign infidels, they are commended and considered good citizens. Ethnoreligious purity is their sacred duty.

According to the biblical narrative, the nation of Israel was founded on the ethnic cleansing of the people indigenous to their land (similar to the founding of the United States). The biblical book of Joshua was written as genocidal war propaganda to sanction the Jewish people’s conquest of the land of Canaan, which was considered their divine right. In the book of Joshua, God the Fascist justifies Israel’s massacre of the indigenous Canaanites by demonizing them as beastly nonhuman giants who deserve to be wiped out because of their supposed total depravity. Commanded by God to kill and plunder, Israel deserves the land and the stolen wealth of the people who live in it. If the Israelites are not careful to wipe out the Canaanites, they might be led astray from sole devotion to God by Canaanite culture and religion and thereby incur God’s wrath. There can only be one final solution to such an existential threat: kill them all:

In the cities of the nations the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance, do not leave alive anything that breathes. Completely destroy them—the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites—as the Lord your God has commanded you. Otherwise, they will teach you to follow all the detestable things they do in worshiping their gods, and you will sin against the Lord your God. (Deuteronomy 20:16-  18, NIV)

The intent of this biblical narrative, whether historical or mythical, is to scare its hearers into feverish adherence to God the Fascist’s Law and fear of foreign influences. Fear indeed is a foundation of God the Fascist’s reign: “And now, Israel, what does the Lord your God require of you, but to fear the Lord your God” (Deuteronomy 10:12, ESV).

Forcible Suppression of Opposition

Fascism is also characterized by “forcible suppression of opposition” (Merriam-Webster). Not only does God the Fascist command the killing of foreigners, but he also sanctions the murder of anyone who fails to give him sole devotion. Israelites are commanded to cleanse themselves of fellow Israelites who worship other gods, for worshipping other gods entails the adoption of alternative ideologies and submission to the governance of other deities. The annals of the kings of Israel’s and Judah’s history recorded in the biblical books of 1-2 Kings and 1-2 Chronicles are filled with commands to destroy the Jewish high places, temples, and priests of foreign gods. Likewise, the Jewish kings are ranked from best to worst in terms of their zeal for slaughtering the Jewish worshippers of other gods and demolishing their sacred sites (c.f. King Jehu’s genocide of Baal worshippers in 2 Kings 10).

Exclusive worship of one God and demonization of other religions (fundamentalist monotheism) is a heartfelt religious belief of many Judeo-Christian religious groups. It has been used as a powerful theological weapon by astute rulers to consolidate power, command national allegiance to their ruling cult, and crush dissenters and opposing priestly-political factions who are portrayed as treacherous idolaters wanting to sell the people out to enemy nations for profit. Countless times in the Old Testament, God, prophet, and king command pogroms and intrareligious genocides of fellow citizens who held different allegiances: “[All the people] fell on their faces and said, “Yahweh indeed is God; Yahweh indeed is God.” Elijah said to them, “Seize the prophets of Baal; do not let one of them escape.” Then they seized them; and Elijah brought them down to the Wadi Kishon, and killed them there” (1 Kings 18:39-40, NIV).

Christian Supremacy and World Conquest

In the New Testament, racism, nationalism, and exclusivism are transmuted into spiritual elitism. Those who obey God the Fascist are a chosen, superior race–Christian supremacists–(“You are a chosen race,” 2 Peter 2:9, NIV), and those who practice other religions or no religion are stigmatized as depraved, violent people deserving of extermination by God’s armies at the Final Judgment. Violent conquest is no longer endorsed in the New Testament (except at the Final Judgment); however, it is spiritualized and transformed into ideological and religious conquest.

God the Fascist declares Jihad against other religions. His followers are commanded to give up property, career, family, and even their lives in martyrdom if necessary, to advance his kingdom’s reign through religious imperialism, or conversion, of the “pagan” and “wicked” unbelievers. The goal of God the Fascist’s call to arms announced through his prophet Jesus–the Great Commission Crusade (“God and make disciples of all nations,” Matthew 28:19, NIV)–is total world domination, the complete allegiance of every human being: “That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord (Philippians 2:10-11, NIV, italics mine). Missionaries, soldiers in the Lord’s army, often tout their agenda to spread God’s dominion to every ethnolinguistic group and nation on the planet: “every nation, tribe, people, and language” (Revelation 7:9, NIV). Christian liturgy and music are filled with militaristic language that reflects such biblically based beliefs.

Biblical Concentration Camps

Fascists command loyalty and suppress opposition through intimidation and often violence. Many fascists use terror and torture as political tools. God the Fascist mercilessly punishes anyone who declines to pledge allegiance to his lordship with eternal torture in the concentration camp of hell.

Centralized Autocratic Government with Severe Economic and Social Regimentation

God the Fascist’s government is a theocracy, or divine rule. It is governed by obedience to his divine Law, which is not based primarily on morality or reason but on obedience, also known as purity or cleanliness. Many of God’s laws in the Old Testament, such as Kosher and circumcision, are amoral, arbitrary, or impractical. The rationale God gives for obeying them is the refrain, “I am the Lord your God” and “You are my people.” Essentially, this translates to, “Because I said so, I’m the boss, and I own you. This is how you demonstrate your loyalty to me.” God the Fascist’s people only receive the benefits of the state, the kingdom of God, when they demonstrate loyalty. God demands complete obedience to his every word, often punishing even minor infractions of his Law with death or exile. God considers all who do not excessively flatter him with worship to be enemies of the state.

In the New Testament, God the Fascist takes his governance to an extreme, absurd level that amounts to slavery. There is no form of economic and social regimentation more severe than enslavement to a tyrant. God explicitly compares their relationship with him to slavery: “The one who was free when called is Christ’s slave. You were bought at a price” (1 Corinthians 7:22-23, NIV). Bodily autonomy is surrendered to God’s Holy Spirit who possesses the believer and polices her mind for disobedient thoughts: “Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own; you were bought at a price. Therefore honor God with your bodies” (1 Corinthians 6:19-20, NIV); “I, the Lord, search the heart, I test the mind, even to give to each man according to his ways, according to the results of his deeds” (Jeremiah 17:10, NASB, italics mine). Jesus teaches that even unsanctioned sexual fantasies jeopardize his followers’ salvation, putting them in danger of an eternity in hell (Matthew 5:27-30).

Fearmongering and Politically Divisive Messaging

Fascists utilize fearmongering and divisive messaging to inspire devotion to the imperial cult and isolate their enemies. Fear of the other gives the fascist’s followers a sense of comradery and identity. Having a clearly identifiable enemy, real or imagined, unites them in a shared cause. Therefore, in addition to using a glorified image of national greatness to unite their followers, fascists also consolidate their following by creating a sense of paranoia and impending doom. They seize on isolated incidents of violence or harm to scapegoat entire populations.

God the Fascist fearmongers and cultivates cult identity by severely exaggerating the threat of politicoreligious dissent. He portrays life itself as a literal and ideological battle between his worshippers–the spiritually superior chosen race of God–and the depraved people of darkness, the offspring of Satan. What is the crime of the depraved? Often, they are simply minorities–people who hold minority religions, sexual orientations, or ideologies that differ from the politically sanctioned norm of the fascist’s regime. All such outsiders must either be converted to God the Fascist’s cult of state or violently murdered in God’s Final Plan, his end-times war.

In the end-times war, culminating in the Battle of Armageddon, God’s armies, with Jesus as commander and chief, will invade the planet with supernatural weapons of mass destruction. They will slaughter the bulk of Earth’s civilian population, level its cities, destroy most of nature, and forcibly bring the planet under God’s dominion and religious law. All this terrible destruction and loss of life is portrayed as a necessary sacrifice, like an ornament in God’s crown to be celebrated. Devotees of God the Fascist are even taught to pray for the end-times war to come quickly (2 Peter 3:12).

Fascistic us-vs-them thinking causes hatred and dehumanization. The un-Christian, or the non-Trump supporter–my child, spouse, and friend–ceases to be my neighbor and becomes an object of conversion or destruction–the other. Conversion is a weapon in the hands of the elite, a means of destroying difference. Diversity is destroyed in the other through ideological domination or legislative persecution. Either I destroy the difference in my neighbor by changing him to be just like me, or I destroy my neighbor in the fires of hell. Either way, I cannot love him. I cannot see him, I cannot accept him for who he is and the choices he has made to not be like me, because that would threaten my identity.

Those on the dark side, all who do not bow the knee to God the Fascist’s so-called message of love or Trump’s vision of American greatness, are out to get us. People who believe in other religions or chose another way may be well-intentioned, but they are unknowingly possessed by demonic ideologies that invite God’s judgment–the Apocalypse. Humanity’s only hope is to destroy difference and those who exemplify it (ideologically or literally) before we are destroyed by “sin” or “anti-Americanism.”

Biblical Fascism and Vulnerability to Trumpism

The fascistic depictions of God in the Bible make Christians who are unaware or in denial of the Bible’s moral errors particularly vulnerable to fascistic politicians who disingenuously utilize Christian rhetoric as a political tool, like Donald Trump. Trump portrays his opponents as undermining Christian values and religious freedom. His policies oppose gay and trans rights, and he supports overturning Roe vs Wade. Politicians often use these issues to garner Christian votes and stoke paranoia because certain biblical passages link homosexuality and genocide (many Christians believe pro-choice amounts to genocide) with God’s judgment of the nation through foreign invasion and exile. Trump’s denigration of Islam appeals to Christians who feel threatened by other religions and view themselves as morally superior.

Donald Trump is not quite (or not yet) a fascist on the same level as the Bible’s God the Fascist, but he continues to get worse. Highly corroborated reports of the treatment of detainees in camps on the border set up by Trump qualify these camps as concentration camps, according to the dictionary definition. Trump does not kill foreign citizens and ethnic minorities, but he does terrorize and deport them with ICE secret police. He has not started new wars, but he massively overinflates the military and uses law-and-order rhetoric to encourage police brutality and violence against peaceful protestors. Trump’s main policies are fearmongering and nationalistic narcissism. He utilizes blackmailing, slurring, and excommunication to stamp out his opposition, whom he portrays as enemies of the state. All the fascistic policies of Trump listed here are only a small sample.

Few people exemplify a lifestyle opposite to the moral teachings of the Bible and the example of Jesus better than Donald Trump. On the other hand, Donald Trump does exemplify the fascistic teachings of the Bible quite admirably. Like God the Fascist, Trump mixes his immoral behavior with religious pretense. The Bible’s depiction of God often exemplifies a confusing, entangling mixture of good and evil. The Bible blends fascistic images of God and hateful teachings with loving images of God and moral teachings. And moral mixture is the hallmark of abuse.

Evangelical and fundamentalist Christian’s attribution of perfection and superiority to their sacred text is why they so often fall prey to hypocrisy and deception–it makes them incapable of discerning good from evil within their own tradition. Biblical inerrancy, the foundational idea of fundamentalist Christianity that the Bible is flawless and divine, is itself a fascism. It is an autocracy of ideologies; it can tolerate no diversity of belief or questioning of its status of divine perfection.

How Fascism Became God

How do fascistic ideologies take root to begin with? Fascism begins when people trade their freedom for someone else’s power. We welcome fascism when we cannot find the power we need to change a dire situation. Unworthy, powerless-feeling people mask their pain with heirs of superiority and strength, and aggressively try to evacuate their unbearable shame through self- and other- harm. The image of God as a fascist mirrors the feelings of helplessness and disenfranchisement of the people who believed him to be.

Before they came to believe in one God, the Israelite people were polytheistic, believing in many gods. As their religion evolved, they became henotheistic, believing in many gods but focusing on a single deity considered supreme. This deity, known as Yahweh, was originally a god of metallurgy. Scholars believe many of the Yahwistic biblical texts were written during times of exile and oppression by foreign powers, such as Assyria. A god of molten metal, fire, and smoke was ideally suited for the Hebrew people’s need for a strongman chieftain deity of war who could smite their powerful enemies.

Yahweh may have risen to the rank of exclusive national deity in part because of Israel’s historical trauma. After losing their homeland and centralized place of worship, Israel needed to find a way to keep its people from dissolving during exile by forging a strong, resilient ethnoreligious identity. The warrior god Yahweh was a unifying symbol of resistance and deliverance. (This is not to suggest that Yahweh was purely evil or that trauma was the only cause for his worship. He embodied both good and evil qualities.)

The trauma and humiliation the Israelites endured at the hands of their enemies resulted in an insatiable desire for vengeance. The Jewish people had seen their babies dashed to pieces before their eyes, their temple was destroyed; all kinds of unspeakable atrocities befell them. They imagined the worst possible punishment on their enemies in order to counteract the severity of the trauma: “Daughter Babylon, doomed to destruction, happy is the one who repays you according to what you have done to us. Happy is the one who seizes your infants and dashes them against the rocks” (Psalm 137:8-9, NIV, italics mine). Only eternal torture could match the enormity of the wound. The fascistic idea of eternal torture–hell–emerged during the Intertestamental Period as an expression of Israel’s trapped energy of trauma-inspired vengeance. Yahweh would one day deliver his people, restore their glorious past in a global kingdom, and forever vanquish their enemies.

But Yahweh’s ironclad strength would also be used against his own people. God begins the Decalogue (Ten Commandments) with the expectation of fealty to him for his leadership in bringing the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt. As their national deliver from the evil Egyptian gods, Yahweh commands their exclusive allegiance: “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery. “You shall have no other gods before me.” (Exodus 20:2-3, NIV). Failure to bow the knee to the divine master came with the penalty of death. In Deuteronomy 17:2-7, the Israelites were commanded to find and stone to death anyone in their midst breaking this command by practicing the worship of another god: “The hands of the witnesses must be the first in putting that person to death, and then the hands of all the people. You must purge the evil from among you” (Deuteronomy 17:7, NIV). And in the New Testament, the situation only gets worse. Failure to devote oneself solely to Yahweh’s worship results, not in earthly punishment, but eternal damnation.

The Psychology of Fascism. Turning from God the Fascist to God the Father

The children of God had traded their individual liberties for the protection of a militaristic dictatorship–the Faustian bargain of fascism. We can probably all sympathize with the Israelites’ plight, their rage, and their helplessness, especially given the unimaginable horrors they endured. Fascism does not begin with evil intent. Deals with the devil are only made when things get desperate. When God seems to fail us, in a survival situation, the temptation to compromise morality for power is overwhelming. Faith in the incomprehensible love of God the Father is traded for the reliable cruelty of God the Fascist. After a time, we may even come to believe God the Fascist is God the Father.

When Israel lost its homeland and temple, it felt abandoned by God, its Father. When we feel abandoned by our fathers, faith, or any symbol that functions as a father, our hearts are filled with feelings of unworthiness and rage. Without a strong fatherly figure, we are unable to receive the sense of self-adequacy and empowerment we need to succeed in the face of life’s turbulence. We are left to fend for ourselves with an underdeveloped sense of self and a broken heart, a narcissistic wounding. We learn to get by by covering up our deficiency with a façade of strength, whether this strength is ours or borrowed from some person or idealized image of glory (as in Americanism, religious superiority, or ethnic supremacy).

Many unhealed fatherless people are always searching for father figures, idealizing and clinging to authority in the face of any life challenges that bring them face to face with the overwhelming agony of their wounded inner child. To avoid facing this agony, they may adopt fascist ideologies and elect fascist saviors. Fascism is rooted in the toxic relational dynamic of the victim and narcissistic savior. Both victimhood and narcissism are expressions of trauma, specifically an underdeveloped sense of self, and victims and narcissistic saviors both seek to establish a sense of self through each other.

In the case of the narcissistic messiah, or fascistic demagogue, a person goes through life trying (unconsciously) to gain the approval of a missing father figure. He carries a simultaneous, religious-like dread and idealization of an authority figure he failed to individuate from (the same holds true for victims who empower fascists). He tries to find self-worth, which he believes to be greatness, through demonstration of prowess and accomplishment–i.e., daddy will finally love me if I become president. We know from Donald Trump’s biography that his whole life is basically an attempt to earn the approval of an emotionally distant father. Probably many of history’s fascists share a similar story.

Ironically, fascistic patriarchy is little more than a shallow show of bravado. It covers over weakness and low self-valuation. Healthy masculinity is empathic, wise, powerful, and feels no need to gain approval from others. It does not shame or bully those who are weak or needy. Instead, it provides mentorship and modeling of a whole, adult selfhood. God as Father is one image of such healthy masculinity. Divine masculine images such as this are necessary for the healing of religious and spiritual people who have suffered from powerlessness and low self-worth caused by spiritual fatherlessness. Yet God the Father is often depicted by the religious as a fascist instead of a father. Perhaps religious shame and guilt result in the kind of victimhood that causes people to confuse fascists for fathers. A problem of this magnitude requires the concerted effort of religious clergy and institutions to eradicate doctrines that shame and victimize their flocks and to separate fascism out from fatherhood in their teachings.

Religious fascism arises when spiritual people believe themselves to be powerless victims of their life circumstances and lose hope in the face of suffering. Their teachings about the divine come to reflect their unconscious feelings of being persecuted or wronged by life and the universe. This can result in a void space of divine abandonment and spiritual orphanage. The divine fascist takes up residence where the divine consciousness vacates.

All of us have felt powerless and oppressed at times in our lives, and we carry the injury we experienced with us. Healing entails holding space for our inner victim and inner fascist, recognizing the tendencies we despise in others first in ourselves, and doing whatever it takes to decrease their enactment. We must also develop the capacity to hold empathic yet strong resistance against the fascists around us. Only healed, spiritually integrated people can contain hatred in a greater space of love. This does not mean we need to be on friendly terms with fascists. It does not mean we should not have feelings of hatred and rage towards them and in response to their actions. It means that, at a deeper level, we should still be able to feel empathy for them and identify with the pain that led them down a dark path. It means that, although fascists may have lost sight of their own humanity and that of others, we will never lose sight of theirs, lest we succumb to the very thing we seek to overcome in the struggle for justice. The soft, strong love of God the Father always vanquishes God the Fascist’s fragile tyranny.

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I’m Andrew Jasko, Master of Divinity (M.Div.), Masters in Counseling in Progress, and I work to help you transform your trauma into the place of your power and connect to a healthy, authentic spirituality that works for you (whether that’s as a spiritual not religious, atheist, religious, transitioning, or agnostic identifying person). I was born into a minister’s family and became a preacher and missionary to India, after studying theology at Wheaton College and Princeton Seminary. As a Christian, my relationship with God was my passion, but unhealthy religious teachings caused me an anxiety disorder, sexual repression, and spiritual disillusionment. I felt alone, traumatized, and abandoned by the divine. After an agonizing crisis of faith, I rejected religion and spirituality. Then, I reintegrated a healthy spirituality through mystical, spiritual, and mindful practices. My passion is to help you to heal and connect with your authentic spiritual wholeness.